Is it possible to reach absolute zero according to the third law of thermodynamics?

Study for the Chemistry Gas Laws Test with flashcards and multiple-choice questions. Each question comes with hints and explanations. Get ready for your exam!

The third law of thermodynamics states that as the temperature of a system approaches absolute zero (0 Kelvin), the entropy of a perfect crystal approaches a minimum value, which is traditionally taken to be zero. Absolute zero is theoretically defined as the point where molecular motion would cease entirely. Therefore, it cannot be reached in practice because it would require removing all thermal energy from a system, which is not feasible with current technology or understanding of the laws of physics.

All real-world systems contain a residue of thermal energy due to quantum mechanical effects, and this energy prevents the complete cessation of molecular motion. As one approaches absolute zero, it becomes increasingly difficult to remove energy from a system, but a complete achievement of absolute zero is not possible according to the third law. Thus, the assertion that absolute zero requires total cessation of molecular motion accurately reflects the implications of the third law of thermodynamics.

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